Macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults over 50, affecting the central part of the retina known as the macula. While lifestyle choices and environmental factors certainly play a role in its development, genetics is a significant contributor, especially in cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Understanding Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration refers to the progressive deterioration of the macula, the area of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. There are two primary forms:
 

• Dry AMD: The more common form, characterized by gradual thinning of the macula.

• Wet AMD: A more severe form involving abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina.

Both types can impair activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces, making early detection and understanding risk factors essential.

The Genetic Link to Macular Degeneration

Scientific studies have shown that genetics can significantly influence the risk of developing AMD. In fact, having a family history of macular degeneration doubles your risk. Researchers have identified specific gene variants (such as CFH, ARMS2, and HTRA1) that are strongly associated with a higher likelihood of developing the disease. These genes are involved in the immune system’s inflammatory response and the maintenance of the retina. When altered, they can contribute to the cellular damage that leads to AMD.

While genetics can increase your susceptibility, it doesn’t guarantee you’ll develop AMD. Environmental and lifestyle factors, such as smoking, diet, UV exposure, and cardiovascular health also play a significant role.

Even if you have a family history of macular degeneration, proactive steps like protecting your eyes from UV light, eating a nutrient-rich diet, and scheduling regular eye exams can help slow progression or even prevent it.

The Importance of Early Detection

If you have a family history of macular degeneration, it’s especially important to visit an eye care professional regularly. We use advanced diagnostic tools to detect early signs of AMD before symptoms appear, allowing for timely management and better long-term outcomes.

Protect Your Sight at Westchester Eyes 

Genetics can substantially influence your risk of macular degeneration, but it doesn’t have to dictate your future. Understanding your family history and taking preventive measures can go a long way in protecting your sight.

Schedule a comprehensive eye exam at Westchester Eyes to evaluate your risk for macular degeneration. Visit our office in White Plains, New York, or call (914) 946-4100 to book an appointment today.